
Border Guard Service Day
On May 28th, Russia celebrates the Day of the Border Guard Service. This commemorative date was established by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, No. 1011, dated May 23rd, 1994, "in order to revive the historical traditions of Russia and its border troops".
On May 28, 1918, by the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR, the Border Guard was established. Its main purpose was to protect the interests of the Soviet Union, especially in the border area, where it was tasked with protecting citizens' identity and property. This included preventing the smuggling of goods, people, and other illegal activities across the country's borders, as well as protecting natural resources, such as water, from theft. Additionally, the Border Guards were responsible for ensuring compliance with international shipping regulations on rivers that crossed borders, protecting fishermen and industries in border waters, and protecting border villages from attack by bandits and nomadic groups. In 1958, this date became an official holiday thanks to a resolution by the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
During the Great Patriotic War, the servicemen of the border troops were among the first to face the German fascist troops and offer them heroic resistance. Over 158 border guards were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and more than 17,000 were awarded orders and medals.
Following the collapse of the USSR, on June 12, 1992, by Decree No. 620 of the President of the Russian Federation, the border troops of the Russian Federation were established on the basis of the former Soviet border troops. On December 30, 1993, the Federal Border Service was created. In July 2003, it was abolished and its responsibilities were transferred to the Border Guard Service, which became part of the Federal Security Service (FSB) of the Russian Federation according to Decree No. 308 of the President dated March 11, 2003.
Traditionally, on the Day of the Border Guard, flowers are placed at monuments and memorials, and festive fireworks are held in the cities where border districts and border troops are based, as well as in the hero cities of Moscow and elsewhere. The procedure for holding these events is determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.
Лит.: Декрет СНК РСФСР об учреждении Пограничной охраны, 28 мая 1918: [электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: https://docs.historyrussia.org/ru/nodes/14792-28-maya-dekret-ob-uchrezhdenii-pogranichnoy-ohrany#mode/inspect/page/1/zoom/4; Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 23.05.1994 г. № 1011 // Президент России: [электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/6113; День пограничника в России: история и традиции праздника // Российская газета: [электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: https://rg.ru/2024/05/27/den-pogranichnika-v-rossii-istoriia-i-tradicii-prazdnika.html; День пограничника // Парламентская газета: [электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: https://www.pnp.ru/social/den-28-maya-v-istorii-8.html.
См. также в Президентской библиотеке:
Воинам-пограничникам: [поздравление М. К. Аникушина с 40-летием пограничных войск]. [Л., 1958].