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Anniversary of creation of the Novosibirsk Region
September 28, 1937 under a decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, by the division of the West Siberian Territory into the Novosibirsk Region and the Altai Territory, the Novosibirsk Region was established.
The development of the Novosibirsk Region by Russian colonists began in the late 17th century. Construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway and the railway bridge over the Ob River in 1893 marked the foundation of the city of Novonikolaevsk, which in 1925 was renamed to Novosibirsk.
Before 1921, the territory of the Novosibirsk Region was part of the Tomsk Province; from 1921 to 1925 – of the Novonikolayevsk Province. From 1925 to 1930 Novosibirsk was the center of the Siberian Territory; from 1930 to 1937 - of the West Siberian Territory. In 1937 the region included 36 districts, including the territory of modern Tomsk and Kemerovo regions. In 1943, the Kemerovo Region became independent from the Novosibirsk region, and in 1944 the Tomsk Region was separated from it. Since that time the map of the region has not changed dramatically. The Novosibirsk Region includes five urban districts, 30 municipalities and 455 communities (26 of them are urban and 429 - rural).
The Novosibirsk Region is located in the south-eastern part of the West Siberian Plain, mainly in the area between Ob and Irtysh (southern part of the Vasyugan plain, Baraba steppe), in the east it is adjacent to Salair Ridge. It shares borders with Kazakhstan, Altai Territory, Kemerovo, Omsk Region and Tomsk Region. The territory of the region is more than 177, 000 square km. Distance from west to east is 600 km; from north to south - 400 km. The region is located in the area of small-leaved forests and forest-steppe zone. The north and the north-west of the region are occupied by the southern part of the world's largest Vasyugan swamp. The general part of the forests is about 6.5 million hectares, including the area covered by forests - 4.6 million hectares. Water resources include about 350 rivers (the main rivers of the region are Ob and Om) along with three thousand fresh, salty and bitter-salty lakes (Chany, Uba, Sartlan, etc.). The dam of the Novosibirsk hydroelectric plant creates the Novosibirsk Reservoir (known as the "Ob Sea").
Over 500 mineral deposits (oil, free gas, condensate, coal, peat, gravel, zirconium, bauxite, titanium, mineral building materials) have been explored in the region. The region has considerable resources of underground mineral water and sapropel. Agriculture and industry are well developed.
For over 50 years the region holds a leading position in the field of science and technology. There are the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, the State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector"; 55 academic institutions and more than 60 specialized scientific research, technological and design institutes.
The education complex of the region is the largest in the Asian part of Russia: it includes more than 45 higher educational institutions and affiliates, as well as over 100 institutions of primary and secondary education.
In the region there are more than 2, 500 monuments of history and culture.
More than 140 nationalities and ethnic groups inhabit the region; 92% of the population is Russian. On the whole, there are about 60 national and cultural autonomies and public organizations.
In 2007, the name of the Novosibirsk region was given to a star in the constellation of Ursa Major.
Lit.: Земли моей прекрасное лицо: (к 70 летию образования Новосиб. обл.): кат. кн. выст. / сост. Н. М. Анфиногенова. Новосибирск, 2007; Земляки. 70 лет Новосибирской области: [сборник]. Новосибирск, 2007; Новосибирская область: путеводитель / подгот. А. Юдин, П.-К. Броше. М., 2006; Новосибирская область. Здесь меняется жизнь!: [буклет]. Новосибирск, 2010; Новосибирцы — Герои Отечества / авт.-сост.: С. Н. Станков, С. Б. Виноградов. Новосибирск, 2010; Справочник по административно-территориальному устройству Новосибирской области, 1937–2006 гг. / ОГУ ГАНО. Новосибирск, 2007.
Based on the Presidential Library’s materials:
Novosibirsk Region: pages of history: [digital collection];
Альбом видов города Ново-Николаевска: 1-е десятилетие. Ново-Николаевск, 1904 ;
Карта Томской губернии. СПб., 1911;
Новосибирская область: экономико-географическое описание. Новосибирск, 1939;