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The Presidential Library: the history of the country in the mirror of children's media
January 13 marks the Day of the Russian Press, which has its own unique history that goes back to centuries. On this day in 1703 in Moscow, by decree of Peter the Great, the issue of the first Russian printed newspaper “Vedomosti” was published. Among many innovations of Peter it remained one of the most durable and effective engines of social development.
The Presidential Library cooperates a lot and fruitfully with the media, extracting the richest information from newspaper and magazine pages, from television channels. Interaction with the mass media was declared by the Director General Alexander Vershinin as one of the most important directions of the work of the Presidential Library. To date, the fund has more than 171,000 electronic copies of periodicals, including more than 45,000 journal issues, 871 titles and more than 126,000 282 titles. They can be found in the electronic collection "National Periodicals in the Presidential Library Fund".
A special place in this collection takes a selection of children's periodicals. Chukovsky's well-known saying, "For children, it is necessary to write in the same way as for adults, but only better" refers not only to literary, but also to newspaper and magazine creativity. The mission of children's media is great: they contribute to world outlook, developing children spiritually and intellectually, making future citizens real creators.
For the youngest readers, the Presidential Library converted into electronic format a collection of issues of the magazine “Murzilka” (1931-1942), the main message of which was the upbringing of October children in the spirit of Soviet patriotism and love of work. On the pages of the publication, children's stories about forest inhabitants and interesting stories about the "smaller brothers" coexist with political messages.
Humor and satire were welcomed in "Murzilka" at the same time. For example, in issue № 3 of 1934, the children of the 4th group of the Lepeshinsky school wrote about their magazine "Mustard" with the subtitle "Who will read that will be upset": "... some people should be praised, but somehow pinch like a mustard pincer a tongue ... We called our magazine "Mustard" - not only to pinch, but also to correct the laggards". The permanent author of the journal was M. O. Gershenzon, a Russian literary critic and philosopher. The scientist led the rubric "Little stories about big scientists", "Do it yourself", and also published translations of fairy tales of different latitudes. On the pages of digital copies of "Murzilka", represented on the portal of the Presidential Library, you can find stories of Leo Tolstoy and Mikhail Zoshchenko, Samuel Marshak's fables, the poems of Agniya Barto and other writers.
The Leningrad Library “Leninskie Iskry” (1933-1938), which also had the reputation of the country's best children's publication, is also represented in the Presidential Library's fund. On its pages, alongside the junkors, there were talented prose writers; Not only articles were printed, but also the stories continued.
The Presidential Library portal presents a retrospective of the “Kostyor” magazines for middle and older children (1936-1947). In the editions of this period, stories, essays and articles devoted to the development of the Soviet state in the first two decades of the XX century, the geography of the country, the Red Army and the Navy, the history of the city of Leningrad, the life and work of V. I. Lenin were published. In the war years, the magazine continued its work, publishing on its pages materials on the heroism of soldiers on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, the impressions of combatants, stories about the schoolchildren during the siege of Leningrad, about helping families of veterans and supporting each other during these difficult times.