Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

March 3 marks the 100th anniversary of the conclusion of the Peace treaty between the RSFSR and the powers of the Quadruple Union of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk , which ended Russia's participation in the First World War. The treaty was concluded at extremely unfavorable conditions for Russia and obliged the Soviet government to make many territorial concessions. Ukraine, Privislinskie gubernias, Estland, Kurland, Livonia, Finland, Kars and Batumi regions in the Caucasus rejected from Russia. In addition, Russia was to demobilize the army and navy and pay 6 billion marks as reparations, not counting the losses suffered by Germany in the course of the Russian revolution.

The selection included transcripts of meetings of participants in peace negotiations, telegrams of the Soviet delegation to the government with a report on the negotiations, the writings of contemporaries and members of the Soviet delegation, which presented various views on the significance of the negotiations and the concluded treaty and the general analysis of the foreign policy of the RSFSR in the period under review, as well as photographs of participants in the negotiations.

Conclusion of the truce, November-December 1917

In accordance with the Decree on Peace adopted on October 26 (November 8), 1917, the Council of People's Commissars appealed to all belligerent states to conclude a truce and to begin peace negotiations. The proposal was supported only by the powers of the Quadruple Union, with which the Soviet delegation headed by A. A. Joffe met in Brest-Litovsk on November 19 (December 2). According to the results of the negotiations, on December 2 (15), 1917, a truce was signed between the parties for a period of 28 days

Валк Сигизмунд Натанович, Обичкин Геннадий Дмитриевич

Decrees of the Soviet government. T. 1. October 25, 1917 - March 16, 1918

Государственное издательство политической литературы

Decrees of the Soviet government. Moscow: State Publishing House of Political Literature, 1957-1997.
T. 1: October 25, 1917 - March 16, 1918, 1957.

«Декрет Второго Всероссийского съезда Советов о мире. 26 октября (8 ноября)», 1917 г. (сканы 32-36)

Lenin's telegram to the Supreme Commander-in-Chief and the attitude of the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs to General SI Odintsov on the organization of a military export commission for the Russian peace delegation in Brest-Litovsk

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Lenin's telegram to the Supreme Commander-in-Chief and the attitude of the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs to General SI Odintsov on organizing a military export commission for the Russian peace delegation in Brest-Litovsk.

Документ содержит сведения о подготовке советской делегации к мирным переговорам

Interview given by the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Comrade Lenin told [ "Assoshayted press"] on the attitude to the Constituent Assembly, recording of conversations that took place at the date of the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs, with the Frenchman

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (CPC of the RSFSR).Interview, the attitude to the Constituent Assembly, recording of conversations that took place at the date of the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs, with the French ambassador about the situation of French officers in the Ukraine and peace negotiations given by the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Comrade Lenin told [ "Assoshayted press"] inBrest-Litovsk, radiograms on the situation abroad, and other materials.

«Краткое изложение встречи Народного комиссара по иностранным делам Л. Троцкого с французским послом» (речь шла о положении французских офицеров на Украине и о мирных переговорах в Брест-Литовске; документ на французском и русском языках; предположительно ноябрь-декабрь 1917 г.) (сканы 13-15)
Peace talks

The truce allowed the Soviet government and the powers of the Quadruple Union on December 9 (22), 1917, to begin negotiations on peace. The negotiations took place in several stages. During the first stage, which lasted until mid-December 1917, the Soviet delegation headed by A. A. Ioffe got familiar with the German requirements and tried to delay the negotiations, hoping for an early revolution in Germany. The second stage, which can be provisionally separated from December 1917 to February 1918, was split within the RSDLP (b) on the basis of the German conditions of peace. According to them, Poland, Lithuania, part of Byelorussia and Ukraine, Estonia and Latvia, the Moonsund Islands and the Gulf of Riga withdrew in favor of Germany and Austria-Hungary. Part of the party members, L. D. Trotsky, N. I. Bukharin, F. E. Dzerzhinsky, K. B. Radek, N. N. Krestinsky and others, opposed the conclusion of a treaty on such terms, and L. D. Trotsky even proposed a compromise option - "Neither peace, nor war!". V. I. Lenin, supported by G. Y. Sokolnikov, I. V. Stalin, insisted on the acceptance of these requirements. As a result, under the influence of the German ultimatum and under the threat of an offensive at the front, Lenin managed to obtain the required majority in favor of signing peace. At the third, final stage, in March 1918, the Soviet delegation, headed by G. Y. Sokolnikov, was present in Brest at the signing of the peace treaty
Shorthand records of meetings of the Soviet, German and Austro-Hungarian delegations

Иоффе Адольф Абрамович, Троицкий Лев Давыдович, Крымский В.

Peace negotiations in Brest-Litovsk from December 22/9, 1917 to March 3 (February 18), 1918. T. 1. Plenary sessions. Meetings of the Political Commission

Нар. комиссариат иностр. дел

Peace negotiations in Brest-Litovsk from December 22/9, 1917 to March 3 (February 18), 1918. M .: Nar. commissariat for foreigners. Affairs, 1920-.
T. 1: Plenary sessions. Meetings of the political commission. 1920.

Штейн Борис Ефимович

Brest-Litovsk Conference

издание Народного комиссариата по иностранным делам

The Brest-Litovsk Conference (1918). Brest-Litovsk Conference. Moscow: the publication of the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs, 1923.

A telegram with transcripts of meetings of the Russian, German and Austro-Hungarian delegations on the conclusion of the Brest Peace and reports on the negotiations

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
A telegram with transcripts of meetings of the Russian, German and Austro-Hungarian delegations on the conclusion of the Brest Peace and reports on the negotiations.

Telegrams with shorthand reports of meetings of Russian, German and Austro-Hungarian delegations on the conclusion of the Brest Peace and reports on the course of negotiations

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Telegrams with transcripts of meetings of Russian, German and Austro-Hungarian delegations on the conclusion of the Brest Peace and reports on the negotiations.

Transcripts of the plenary sessions of the delegation of the peace conference of 1918 and the telegrams of the Russian delegation to Brest-Litovsk on the course of the peace talks

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Transcript of the plenary sessions of the delegation of the peace conference of 1918 and the telegrams of the Russian delegation to Brest-Litovsk on the course of the peace talks.

Стенограммы заседаний (сканы 5-78);
Телеграммы русской делегации (79-370)

Telegrams of the Soviet delegation with reports and various information on the course of the peace talks

Reports of the meetings of the peace delegation and various reports on the progress of the negotiations in Brest-Litovsk. Autograph of JV Stalin (photocopy)

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Reports of the meetings of the peaceful delegation and various reports on the progress of the negotiations in Brest-Litovsk. Autograph of I. V. Stalin (photocopy).

Telegrams with reports of the meetings of the peace delegation and other reports received from Brest-Litovsk during the period from December 25, 1917 to January 25, 1918.

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Telegrams with reports of the meetings of the peace delegation and other reports received from Brest-Litovsk during the period from December 25, 1917 to January 25, 1918

Telegrams on the progress of negotiations in Brest-Litovsk on concluding peace with Germany

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Telegrams on the course of negotiations in Brest-Litovsk on concluding peace with Germany.

Telegrams on the progress of negotiations in Brest-Litovsk on concluding peace with Germany

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Telegrams on the course of negotiations in Brest-Litovsk on concluding peace with Germany.

Telegram: from Brest-Litovsk to Petrograd with a report on the course of negotiations

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Telegram: from Brest-Litovsk to Petrograd with a report on the progress of the negotiations.

Telegrams on the conclusion of the Brest Peace and the establishment of diplomatic relations with Germany

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Telegrams on the conclusion of the Brest Peace and the establishment of diplomatic relations with Germany.

Telegrams of the commission for concluding Brest peace to the Council of People's Commissars on the course of the peace negotiations

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Telegrams of the commission for concluding Brest peace in the Council of People's Commissars on the course of peace negotiations.

Intercepted foreign radio telegrams with information about the course of the peace talks

Foreign radiotelegrams intercepted by the radio station of the Tavrichesky Palace of the Central Election Commission and other radio stations, the Brest Peace and international issues. A letter from General Alexeyev to the French mission in Kiev, intercepted in Novokhopersk, with a message

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Foreign radiotelegrams intercepted by the radio station of the Tavrichesky Palace of the CEC and other radio stations, the Brest Peace and international issues. A letter from General Alekseev to the French mission in Kiev, intercepted in Novokhopersk, with a report on the situation on the Don and with the request to send the Czechoslovak corps to Don.

О ходе мирных переговоров в Бресте (сканы 8-18)

Foreign radiograms on the course of military operations on the negotiations in Brest-Litovsk, intercepted by the radio station of the Tavrichesky Palace at the CEC

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Foreign radiograms about the course of military operations about the negotiations in Brest-Litovsk, intercepted by the radio station of the Tauride Palace under the CEC.
Annulment of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

One of the conditions of the Compiènian armistice between the Entente countries and Germany of November 11, 1918 was Germany's rejection of the conditions of the Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty. This was preceded by a break in Germany's diplomatic relations with the Soviet government on November 5, which, according to calculations by the German ruling circles, should help in the struggle against the revolutionary movement within the country. Under these conditions, on November 13, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee unilaterally annulled the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

A summary of the most important reports of the Department of Soviet Propaganda at the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of November 14, 1918, telegrams and recordings of negotiations on a direct wire with the Russian Peace Delegation in Kiev and Soviet organizations on the ground about the annulment of the Brest-Lithuanian Central Executive Committee

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Summary of the most important messages of the Soviet propaganda department at the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of November 14, 1918, telegrams and records of negotiations on a direct wire with the Russian Peace Delegation in Kiev and Soviet organizations in the field on annulling the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Treaty, the situation in Germany, bodies in the Urals and in Vyatka and on other issues.

«Постановление ВЦИК об аннулировании Брест-Литовского Мира», 13 ноября 1918 г. (скан 35)
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in literature

Виторт Владимир Цезаревич

Peace in Brest

Свобода

Vitort, Vladimir Tsezarevich (1886-1926). Peace in Brest. M.: Freedom, 1918.

Гефдинг Владимир Федорович

New trade agreement with Germany

издание Г. А. Лемана и С. И. Сахарова

Gefding, Vladimir Fedorovich (1887-1979). A new trade agreement with Germany. Moscow: The Edition of GA Lehman and SI Sakharov, 1918.

A note by AI Denikin "Brest-Litovsk"

Denikin Anton Ivanovich, Lieutenant-General, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces in the South of Russia.
A. Denikin's note "Brest-Litovsk".

Иоффе Адольф Абрамович, Меринг Франц, Крымский В.

Foreign Policy of Soviet Russia

Издательство Всероссийского исполнительного комитета Советов р., с., к. и к. депутатов

Ioffe, Adolf Abramovich (diplomat, 1883-1927). Foreign policy of Soviet Russia. Moscow: The Publishing House of the All-Russian Executive Committee of the Soviets of the Revolutionary Council, etc., and to the Council of Deputies, 1918.

Каменев Лев Борисович

The struggle for peace

Жизнь и знание

Kamenev, Lev Borisovich. The struggle for peace. Pg. : Life and Knowledge, 1918.

Manuscripts of Radek K. Brest-Litovsk

Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR).
Manuscripts of Radek K. Brest-Litovsk.

Радек Карл Бернгардович

Foreign Policy of Soviet Russia

Госиздат

Radek, Karl Bernhardovich (1885-1839). Foreign policy of Soviet Russia. Moscow: Gosizdat, 1923; Petrograd.

Фишгендлер Абрам Маркович

Peace

издание редакции "Нашего голоса"

Fishgendler, Abram Markovich. Peace. Moscow: edition of the editorial board of Our Voice, 1918.

Штейнберг Исаак Захарович

Why we are against the Brest peace

Революционный социализм

Steinberg, Isaak Zakharovich (1888-1957). Why are we against the Brest peace. Moscow: Revolutionary Socialism, 1918.

Сокольников Григорий Яковлевич

The Brest Peace

Государственное издательство

Sokolnikov, Grigory Yakovlevich (1888-1939). The Brest Peace. Moscow: State Publishing House, 1920.

Троцкий Лев Давыдович

From the October Revolution to the Brest Peace

[Пролетарий]

Trotsky, Lev Davydovich (1879-1940). From the October Revolution to the Brest Peace. Kharkov: [Proletary], 1924.

Волковичер Исидор Владимирович

The Brest Peace

Государственное издательство

Volkovitch, Isidor Vladimirovich (1890-1952). The Brest Peace. Moscow: State Publishing House, 1928; Leningrad.

Левин Давид Бенционович

The October Revolution and the Brest Peace

РАНИОН

Levin, David Bentsionovich (Doctor of Law, 1903-?). The October Revolution and the Brest Peace. Moscow: RANION, 1930.

The Brest peace and the struggle of the Bolshevik Party against the Trotskyite-Bukharin provocateurs of the war

Ярославское областное издательство

The Brest peace and the struggle of the Bolshevik Party against the Trotskyite-Bukharin provocateurs of the war. Yaroslavl: Yaroslavl Regional Publishing House, 1938.
Fine Art material

Наппельбаум Моисей Соломонович

LD Trotsky

Государственное издательство "Знание-сила"

Nappelbaum, Moses Solomonovich (1869-1958). L.D. Trotsky.

Народный комиссар по иностранным делам, председатель советской делегации на втором этапе переговоров. 22 февраля, признав провал переговоров под своим руководством, подал в отставку

Петров Георгий

Georgiy Vasilievich Chicherin

Планета

Georgiy Vasilievich Chicherin.

Народный комиссар по иностранным делам, сменивший на этом посту Л. Д. Троцкого. Входил в состав делегации, подписавшей 3 марта Брест-Литовский мир

Наппельбаум Моисей Соломонович

AA Ioffe

Государственное издательство "Знание-сила"

Nappelbaum, Moses Solomonovich (1869-1958). A. A. Ioffe.

Председатель советской делегации, заключившей 2 (15) декабря 1917 г. перемирие. Возглавлял делегацию на первом этапе переговоров о мирном договоре в декабре 1917 г. Также входил в состав делегации, подписавшей 3 марта Брест-Литовский мир
Newsreel

Дьяконова Татьяна Ивановна

Events in Petrograd in 1918

Президентская библиотека им. Б. Н. Ельцина

Events in Petrograd in 1918. St. Petersburg: Presidential Library. Boris N. Yeltsin, 2011.

На кадрах члены австрийской делегации на мирных переговорах в Брест-Литовске, а также официальное издание мирного договора (2.43 - 3.29)

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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk